Igama Lomkhiqizo:i-acetic acid

Ifomethi ye-Molecular:I-C2H4O2

Inombolo ye-CAS:64-19-7

Isakhiwo samangqamuzana omkhiqizo:

Ukucaciswa:

Chemical Properties:

I-acetic acid, i-CH3COOH, iwuketshezi olungenambala, oluguquguqukayo emazingeni okushisa asendaweni.Inhlanganisela emsulwa, i-glacial acetic acid, iqanjwe igama layo ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo okucwebezelayo okunjengeqhwa ku-15.6°C.Njengoba kunikezwa ngokuvamile, i-acetic acid iyisisombululo esinamanzi esingu-6 N (cishe ama-36%) noma isixazululo esingu-1 N (cishe u-6%).Lokhu noma okunye ukuhlanjululwa kusetshenziselwa ukwengeza amanani afanele e-acetic acid ekudleni.I-Acetic acid iyisici se-asidi yeviniga, ukugxila kwayo kusuka ku-3.5 kuya ku-5.6%.I-acetic acid nama-acetate akhona ezitshalweni eziningi nezicubu zezilwane ngamanani amancane kodwa abonakalayo.Ziyizinto ezijwayelekile zokuxhumanisa i-metabolic, zikhiqizwa yizinhlobo zebhaktheriya njenge-Acetobacter futhi zingahlanganiswa ngokuphelele ku-carbon dioxide ngamagciwane anjengeClostridium thermoaceticum.Igundane lakha i-acetate ngesilinganiso esingu-1% wesisindo somzimba walo ngosuku.

Njengoketshezi olungenambala olunephunga elinamandla, elihlabayo, elinoviniga, liwusizo kubhotela, ushizi, ukunambitheka kwamagilebhisi nezithelo.I-acetic acid emsulwa encane kakhulu njengoba enjalo isetshenziswa ekudleni, nakuba ihlukaniswa yi-FDA njengento ye-GRAS.Ngenxa yalokho, ingase isetshenziswe emikhiqizweni engakhaviwe Izincazelo Namazinga Obunikazi.I-acetic acid iyingxenye eyinhloko yamaviniga ne-pyroligneous acid.Ngendlela yeviniga, ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-27 lb zengezwa ekudleni ngo-1986, ngamanani alinganayo asetshenziswa njengama-acidulants nama-flavoring agents.Eqinisweni, i-acetic acid (njengeviniga) yayingenye yezinto zokuqala zokunambitha.Uviniga usetshenziswa kakhulu ekulungiseni isaladi yokugqoka kanye nemayonnaise, amakhukhamba amuncu namnandi namasoso amaningi nama-catsups.Zibuye zisetshenziswe ekwelapheni inyama nasekufakweni kwemifino ethile.Ekwenzeni imayonnaise, ukwengezwa kwengxenye ye-acetic acid (uviniga) kusawoti- noma ushukela-isikhupha kunciphisa ukumelana nokushisa kweSalmonella.Izingoma ezibopha amanzi zamasoseji ngokuvamile zihlanganisa i-acetic acid noma usawoti wayo we-sodium, kuyilapho i-calcium acetate isetshenziselwa ukulondoloza ukuthungwa kwemifino ekheniwe.

Isicelo:

I-acetic acid ivela kuviniga.Ikhiqizwa ku-distillation ebhubhisayo yokhuni.Ithola ukusetshenziswa okubanzi embonini yamakhemikhali.Isetshenziswa ekwenzeni i-cellulose acetate, i-acetate rayon, kanye nezinhlanganisela ze-acetate kanye ne-acetyl;njenge-solvent for izinsini, amafutha, nama-resin;njengesilondolozi sokudla ekunyatheliseni nasekudayeni;kanye ne-organicsynthesis.

I-acetic acid iyikhemikhali ebalulekile yezimboni.Ukusabela kwe-acetic acid ene-hydroxyl equkethe izinhlanganisela, ikakhulukazi utshwala, kubangela ukwakheka kwe-acetate esters.Ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kwe-acetic acid kusekukhiqizweni kwe-vinyl acetate.I-vinyl acetate ingakhiqizwa ngokusabela kwe-acetylene ne-acetic acid.Ikhiqizwa futhi nge-ethylene ne-acetic acid.I-vinyl acetate yenziwe i-polymerized ibe i-polyvinyl acetate (PVA), esetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni imicu, amafilimu, izinto zokunamathisela, nopende be-latex.
I-Cellulose acetate, esetshenziselwa izindwangu kanye nefilimu yezithombe, ikhiqizwa ngokuphendula i-cellulose nge-acetic acid ne-acetic anhydride phambi kwe-sulfuric acid.Amanye ama-esters e-acetic acid, afana ne-ethyl acetate ne-propyl acetate, asetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo.
I-acetic acid isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ipulasitiki ye-polyethylene terephthalate (PET).I-acetic acid isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza imithi.

I-Glacial Acetic Acid iyi-acidulant ewuketshezi olucacile, olungenambala olunokunambitheka kwe-asidi uma luxutshwe ngamanzi.Ingu-99.5% noma ngaphezulu ngobumsulwa futhi icwebezela ku-17°c.Isetshenziselwa ukugqoka isaladi ngendlela ehlanjululwe ukuze inikeze i-acetic acid edingekayo.Isetshenziswa njenge-preservative, i-acidulant, ne-flavour agent.Ibizwa nangokuthi i-acetic acid, i-glacial.