Igama lemveliso:iacetic acid

Imo yemolekyuli:C2H4O2

Inombolo yeCAS:64-19-7

Imveliso yesakhiwo semolekyuli:

Inkcazo:

Iipropati zeMichiza:

I-Acetic acid, i-CH3COOH, lulwelo olungenambala, oluguquguqukayo kumaqondo obushushu akwindawo engqongileyo.Ikhompawundi esulungekileyo, i-acetic acid yomkhenkce, ibizwa ngegama layo ngenxa yembonakalo yayo efana nomkhenkce kwi-15.6°C.Njengoko kubonelelwe ngokubanzi, i-acetic acid iyisisombululo se-6 N yamanzi (malunga ne-36%) okanye isisombululo se-1 N (malunga ne-6%).Ezi okanye ezinye iidilution zisetyenziswa ekongezeni izixa ezifanelekileyo zeacetic acid ekutyeni.I-Acetic acid yimpawu ye-asidi yeviniga, ukugxininiswa kwayo ukusuka kwi-3.5 ukuya kwi-5.6%.I-acetic acid kunye ne-acetates zikhona kwizityalo ezininzi kunye nezicubu zezilwanyana kwiimali ezincinci kodwa ezibonakalayo.Zizinto eziqhelekileyo ze-metabolic intermediates, ziveliswa ziintlobo zebhaktiriya ezifana ne-Acetobacter kwaye zinokudityaniswa ngokupheleleyo kwi-carbon dioxide yi-microorganisms efana ne-Clostridium thermoaceticum.I-rat yenza i-acetate ngesantya se-1% yobunzima bomzimba wayo ngosuku.

Njengolwelo olungenambala olunevumba elinamandla, elibukhali, elinophawu lweviniga, luluncedo kwibhotolo, itshizi, iidiliya kunye nencasa yeziqhamo.Incinci kakhulu i-acetic acid ecocekileyo njengoko isetyenziswa ekutyeni, nangona ihlelwa yi-FDA njengento ye-GRAS.Ngenxa yoko, inokuthi isetyenziswe kwiimveliso ezingabandakanywayo kwiiNkcazo kunye neMigangatho yesazisi.I-Acetic acid iyona nxalenye ephambili yeviniga kunye ne-pyroligneous acid.Ngohlobo lweviniga, ngaphezu kwe-27 yezigidi ze-lb zongezwa ekutyeni ngo-1986, malunga nezixa ezilinganayo ezisetyenziswa njenge-acidulants kunye ne-flavoring agents.Enyanisweni, i-acetic acid (njengeviniga) yayiyenye yezinto zokuqala zokunambitha.Iiviniga zisetyenziswa kakhulu ekulungiseleleni isaladi yokugqoka kunye ne-mayonnaise, i-pickle emuncu kunye ne-sweet kunye neesosi ezininzi kunye ne-catsups.Zikwasetyenziswa ekunyangeni inyama nasekunkonkxeni imifuno ethile.Ukwenziwa kwe-mayonnaise, ukongezwa kwenxalenye ye-acetic acid (iviniga) kwityuwa- okanye ishukela-yolk kunciphisa ukuxhathisa ukushisa kweSalmonella.Iingoma zokubopha amanzi kwiisoseji zihlala zibandakanya i-acetic acid okanye ityuwa yesodium, ngelixa i-calcium acetate isetyenziselwa ukugcina ukuthungwa kwemifuno egayiweyo, enkonkxiweyo.

Isicelo:

I-acetic acid ivela kwiviniga.Iveliswa kwi-distillation etshabalalisayo yokhuni.Ifumana ukusetyenziswa okubanzi kwishishini lemichiza.Isetyenziselwa ukwenza i-cellulose acetate, i-acetate rayon, kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-acetate kunye ne-acetyl compounds;njengento yokunyibilikisa iintsini, ioyile, neentlaka;njengento yokugcina ukutya ekushicileleni nasekudayeni;kunye ne-organicsynthesis.

I-acetic acid yikhemikhali ebalulekileyo yoshishino.Ukusabela kwe-acetic acid kunye ne-hydroxyl equkethe iikhompawundi, ngakumbi i-alcohols, kubangela ukubunjwa kwe-acetate esters.Ukusetyenziswa okukhulu kwe-acetic acid kukuveliswa kwe-vinyl acetate.IVinyl acetate inokuveliswa ngokusabela kwe-acetylene kunye ne-acetic acid.Ikwaveliswa kwi-ethylene kunye ne-acetic acid.I-acetate ye-vinyl yenziwe i-polymerized kwi-polyvinyl acetate (i-PVA), esetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kweefayili, iifilimu, izinto zokuncamathelisa, kunye neepeyinti ze-latex.
I-cellulose acetate, esetyenziswa kwiingubo kunye nefilimu yezithombe, iveliswa ngokuphendula i-cellulose nge-acetic acid kunye ne-acetic anhydride phambi kwe-sulfuric acid.Ezinye ii-esters ze-acetic acid, ezifana ne-ethyl acetate kunye ne-propyl acetate, zisetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo.
I-Acetic acid isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iplastiki ye-polyethylene terephthalate (PET) .I-acetic acid isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa amayeza.

IGlacial Acetic Acid sisisimuncu esilulwelo olucacileyo, olungenambala olunencasa yeasidi xa luxutywe ngamanzi.Ingama-99.5% okanye ngaphezulu kubunyulu kwaye imenyezela kwi-17°c.Isetyenziselwa ukugqoka isaladi kwifom ehlanjululweyo ukubonelela nge-acetic acid efunekayo.Isetyenziswa njenge-preservative, acidulant, kunye ne-agent agent.Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-acetic acid, i-glacial.