I-Acrylonitrile yenziwa ngokusebenzisa i-propylene kunye ne-ammonia njengezinto eziluhlaza, ngokusabela kwe-oxidation kunye nenkqubo yokucoca.I-organic compound kunye ne-chemical formula C3H3N, ulwelo olungenambala olunevumba elicaphukisayo, elivuthayo, umphunga walo kunye nomoya unokwenza umxube oqhumayo, kwaye kulula ukubangela ukutsha xa utyhilekile kwidangatye elivulekileyo kunye nobushushu obuphezulu, kwaye ukhupha igesi enetyhefu. , kwaye iphendule ngobudlova kunye ne-oxidizers, i-acids eqinile, iziseko eziqinileyo, i-amines kunye ne-bromine.

Isetyenziswa ikakhulu njengento ekrwada acrylic kunye ABS/SAN resin, kwaye ikwasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimveliso acrylamide, paste kunye adiponitrile, irabha zokwenziwa, Latex, njl.

Acrylonitrile Market Applications

I-Acrylonitrile yinto ebalulekileyo ekrwada kwizinto ezintathu eziphambili zokwenza (iplastiki, irabha yokwenziwa kunye neentambo zokwenziwa), kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-acrylonitrile ezantsi kwe-China kugxininiswe kwi-ABS, i-acrylic kunye ne-acrylamide, ebangela ngaphezu kwe-80% yokusetyenziswa iyonke. iacrylonitrile.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, i-China iye yaba lelinye lawona mazwe akhula ngokukhawuleza kwimarike ye-acrylonitrile yehlabathi ngophuhliso lwezixhobo zasekhaya kunye nemizi-mveliso yeemoto.Iimveliso ezisezantsi zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zoqoqosho lwesizwe, ezifana nezixhobo zasekhaya, iimpahla, iimoto, kunye namayeza.

I-Acrylonitrile yenziwe kwipropylene kunye ne-ammonia nge-oxidation reaction kunye nenkqubo yokusulungekisa, kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-resin, imveliso ye-acrylic ye-industrial, kunye ne-carbon fiber ziindawo zesicelo ezinemfuno ekhula ngokukhawuleza kwixesha elizayo.

Ifayibha yeCarbon, njengenye yezinto ezibalulekileyo zokusetyenziswa ezantsi kwe-acrylonitrile, yinto entsha ngoku igxile kuphando kunye nophuhliso kunye nemveliso eTshayina.Ifayibha yeCarbon iye yaba lilungu elibalulekileyo lezinto ezikhaphukhaphu, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe ithathe izixhobo zentsimbi zangaphambili, kwaye iye yaba yeyona nto iphambili yesicelo kumacandelo oluntu nawomkhosi.

Njengoko uqoqosho lwase-China luqhubeka nokukhula ngesantya esikhawulezayo, imfuno ye-carbon fiber kunye nezixhobo zayo ezidibeneyo iyaqhubeka nokunyuka.Ngokwezibalo ezifanelekileyo, imfuno ye-carbon fiber e-China ifikelela kwiitoni ezingama-48,800 ngo-2020, ukonyuka kwe-29% ngo-2019.

Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwesayensi kunye nobuchwepheshe, imarike ye-acrylonitrile ibonisa iindlela ezinkulu zophuhliso.
Okokuqala, indlela yokuvelisa i-acrylonitrile usebenzisa ipropane njenge-feedstock iyakhuthazwa ngokuthe ngcembe.
Okwesibini, uphando lwee-catalysts ezintsha luqhubeka luyisihloko sophando kubafundi basekhaya nabangaphandle.
Okwesithathu, umlinganiselo omkhulu wesityalo.
Okwesine, ukonga amandla kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa, ukuphuculwa kwenkqubo kubaluleke kakhulu.
Okwesihlanu, ukucocwa kwamanzi amdaka kuye kwaba ngumxholo obalulekileyo wophando.

I-Acrylonitrile uMveliso woMmandla oMkhulu

Amaziko emveliso asekhaya e-acrylonitrile aseTshayina agxile ikakhulu kumashishini aphantsi kweChina Petroleum & Chemical Corporation (Sinopec) kunye neChina National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC).Phakathi kwabo, umthamo opheleleyo wemveliso yeSinopec (kubandakanywa amashishini adibeneyo) yi-860,000 yeetoni, i-akhawunti ye-34.8% yomthamo opheleleyo wokuvelisa;amandla okuvelisa iPetroChina yi-700,000 yeetoni, ezibalelwa kwi-28.3% yomthamo opheleleyo wemveliso;amandla okuvelisa amashishini abucala iJiangsu Searborn Petrochemical, iShandong Haijiang Chemical Co. Ltd. enegunya lokuvelisa i-acrylonitrile yeetoni ezingama-520,000, iitoni ezingama-130,000 kunye neetoni ezingama-260,000 ngokulandelelanayo, zibalwa kumthamo wemveliso odityanisiweyo omalunga nama-36.8%.

Ukususela kwisiqingatha sesibini se-2021, isigaba sesibini se-ZPMC kunye neetoni ze-260,000 / ngonyaka, isigaba sesibini se-Kruel kunye neetoni ze-130,000 / ngonyaka, isigaba sesibini se-Lihua Yi kunye neetoni ze-260,000 / ngonyaka kunye nesigaba sesithathu se-Srbang kunye neetoni ze-260,000 / Unyaka we-acrylonitrile usetyenziswe emva komnye, kwaye umthamo omtsha ufikelele kwiitoni ze-910,000 / ngonyaka, kwaye umthamo we-acrylonitrile wasekhaya ufikelele kwi-3.419 yezigidi zeetoni / ngonyaka.

Ukwandiswa komthamo we-acrylonitrile akupheli apha.Kuyaqondwa ukuba kwi-2022, isityalo esitsha se-acrylonitrile se-260,000 / ngonyaka siya kuqaliswa ukusebenza e-East China, i-130,000 yeetoni / ngonyaka e-Guangdong kunye ne-200,000 yeetoni / ngonyaka e-Hainan.Umthamo omtsha wemveliso yasekhaya awusekho kuphela kwi-East China, kodwa uya kusasazwa kwimimandla emininzi e-China, ngakumbi isityalo esitsha e-Hainan siya kufakwa ekusebenzeni ukuze iimveliso zisondele kwiimarike zaseMzantsi China kunye ne-Asia-mpuma ye-Asia, kwaye ikwakulungele kakhulu ukuthumela ngaphandle ngolwandle.

Umthamo wemveliso owandisiweyo uzisa ukunyuka kwemveliso.Izibalo ze-Jinlian zibonisa ukuba imveliso ye-acrylonitrile yase-China iqhubekile nokubeka i-highs entsha ngo-2021. Ekupheleni kuka-December 2021, imveliso ye-acrylonitrile yasekhaya iyonke idlule iitoni ze-2.317 yezigidi, i-19% yonyaka-ngonyaka, ngelixa ukusetyenziswa konyaka kwakumalunga ne-2.6 yezigidi zeetoni. , kunye neempawu zokuqala zokugqithiswa kwamandla kwishishini.

Ulwalathiso lophuhliso lwexesha elizayo lwe-acrylonitrile

Kunyaka ka-2021 odlulileyo, ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-acrylonitrile kugqithise ukuthengiswa ngaphandle okokuqala.Ukungeniswa okupheleleyo kweemveliso ze-acrylonitrile kunyaka odlulileyo kwakuyi-203,800 yeetoni, phantsi kwe-33.55% ukusuka kunyaka odlulileyo, ngelixa ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kufikelele kwiitoni ze-210,200, ukwanda kwe-188.69% ukusuka kunyaka odlulileyo.

Oku akunakuhlukaniswa nokukhutshwa okugxininisiweyo komthamo omtsha wemveliso e-China kwaye ishishini likwimo yotshintsho ukusuka kwibhalansi eqinile ukuya kwintsalela.Ukongeza, inani leeyunithi zaseYurophu kunye neMelika zayeka kwikota yokuqala neyesibini, okubangele ukuhla ngokukhawuleza konikezelo, ngelixa iiyunithi zaseAsia zazikumjikelezo wokugcinwa okucwangcisiweyo, kwaye amaxabiso aseTshayina ayephantsi kunamaxabiso aseAsia, aseYurophu naseMelika, amaxabiso aphantsi kakhulu. yanceda ukuthunyelwa kwe-acrylonitrile yase-China ukuba yande, kuquka iPhondo lase-Taiwan lase-China, kufutshane ne-Korea, i-Indiya kunye ne-Turkey.

Ukwanda komthamo wokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kukhatshwa kukunyuka kwenani lamazwe athumela ngaphandle.Ngaphambili, iimveliso ze-acrylonitrile zaseTshayina zazithunyelwa ikakhulu eMzantsi Korea naseIndiya.Ngowama-2021, ngokuhla konikezelo lwaphesheya kweelwandle, umthamo wokuthumela ngaphandle kwe-acrylonitrile wenyuka waze wathunyelwa ngamaxesha athile kwimarike yaseYurophu, ebandakanya amazwe asixhenxe kunye nemimandla efana neTurkey neBelgium.

Kuqikelelwa ukuba izinga lokukhula kwamandla okuvelisa i-acrylonitrile e-China kwiminyaka eyi-5 ezayo likhulu kunezinga lokukhula kwemfuno ephantsi, ukuthengiswa kwamanye amazwe kuya kuhla ngakumbi, ngelixa ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kuya kuqhubeka nokunyuka, kunye nokuthunyelwa kwe-acrylonitrile eChina kulindeleke. ukuchukumisa i-300,000 yeetoni eziphezulu kwi-2022, ngaloo ndlela ukunciphisa uxinzelelo ekusebenzeni kwemarike yaseTshayina.

I-chemwin ithengisa umgangatho ophezulu, ixabiso eliphantsi le-acrylonitrile feedstock kwisitokhwe kwihlabathi jikelele